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    <title>Valarn Blog</title>
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    <description>AI Investing Insights &amp; Platform Updates from the Valarn team</description>
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      <title><![CDATA[Smarter Stock Research Starts with More Than One AI]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/multi-agent-debate-reduces-ai-hallucination</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Imagine hiring a single analyst and asking them to be your fundamental researcher, technical chart reviewer, market sentiment reader, macro strategist, and risk reviewer — all at once. The result m…]]></description>
      <category>AI Research</category>
      <author>Valarn Team</author>
      <pubDate>Sun, 17 May 2026 06:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title><![CDATA[When Rising Inventory Becomes a Warning Sign for Investors]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/inventory-growth-warning-signs</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[A company can look perfectly healthy right up until you notice its warehouses are filling faster than its sales. That gap — inventory piling up while revenue only inches forward — is one of the quietest warning signs buried in a set of financial statements.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Accounts Receivable Warning Signs Investors Should Watch]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/accounts-receivable-warning-signs</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Everyone learns to check a company's revenue and earnings. Far fewer people check whether those sales actually turned into money the company can spend.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Deferred Revenue Explained: What It Means for Future Growth]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/deferred-revenue-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Revenue that a company has already been paid for, but isn't allowed to call revenue yet. That's deferred revenue in a sentence — and it's one of the most useful, most misread numbers on a balance sheet.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Supplier Concentration Risk: A Hidden Threat in Stock Research]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/supplier-concentration-risk</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[A company can have a wonderful product, loyal customers, and a fortress balance sheet — and still be one factory fire, one export ban, or one price spike away from a very bad year. Not because of anything it sells, but because of what it *buys*.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Mon, 21 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Customer Concentration Risk: When One Client Can Change the Entire Thesis]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/customer-concentration-risk</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Most people research a company as if its revenue were one solid block. They pull the growth rate, nod at the margins, and move on.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Sun, 20 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How to Analyze a Company's Competitors Before Buying the Stock]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/competitive-analysis-for-stocks</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Everyone researching a company eventually asks the same question: "Is this a good business?" But that question is unanswerable on its own. A 20% profit margin is impressive next to rivals earning 8%, and mediocre next to rivals earning 35%.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Sat, 19 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Institutional Ownership Explained: What Large Investors Can Tell You]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/institutional-ownership-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Every quarter, the biggest investors in the world are forced to show their hand. Pension funds, hedge funds, mutual funds, endowments — anyone managing over $100 million in U.S. equities has to file a public list of what they own.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Fri, 18 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Are Founder-Led Companies Better Investments?]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/founder-led-companies</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Ask investors whether founder-led companies make better investments and you'll get a reflex answer: "Of course — look at Amazon, Nvidia, Chipotle." Ask them why, and it usually trails off into a feeling.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[CEO Compensation Explained: Are Executive Incentives Aligned With Shareholders?]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/ceo-compensation-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Executive pay is one of the few places where a company is legally required to tell you, in detail, how it motivates the person steering the whole ship. Most investors never read it.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Cash Conversion Cycle Explained: How Quickly Does a Company Generate Cash?]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/cash-conversion-cycle-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[A company can look profitable on the income statement and still be quietly starved for cash. The gap between "we booked the sale" and "the money is actually in the bank" is where a lot of businesses live or die — and the metric that measures that gap is the **cash conversion cycle**.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Working Capital Explained: What It Reveals About a Business]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/working-capital-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Working capital is one of those terms that sounds like accounting homework and turns out to be one of the most revealing numbers on a company's balance sheet.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Mon, 14 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Operating Leverage Explained: Why Profits Can Grow Faster Than Revenue]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/operating-leverage-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Two companies grow their sales 10% this year. One reports profit up 12%. The other reports profit up 35%. Same top-line growth, wildly different bottom lines — and the single biggest reason for the gap has a name: **operating leverage**.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Sun, 13 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Current Ratio vs. Quick Ratio: Measuring a Company's Liquidity]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/current-ratio-vs-quick-ratio</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Two companies can look equally healthy on the surface and be worlds apart the moment a bill comes due. The difference often hides in two closely related liquidity ratios that measure the same basic thing — can this business pay what it owes in the near term?]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Sat, 12 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Debt-to-Equity Ratio Explained: How Much Debt Is Too Much?]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/debt-to-equity-ratio-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[You've probably seen the **debt-to-equity ratio** used as if it settles an argument. Someone points at a number — "its D/E is 2.5, that's way too high" — and the conversation ends there, verdict delivered. It's tidy, it's a single figure, and it feels like it means something definitive.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[ROIC Explained: How to Measure a Company's Capital Efficiency]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/return-on-invested-capital-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Return on equity gets all the attention. It's on every stock screener, in every earnings summary, quoted like it settles the argument about whether a company is any good. But ROE has a quiet flaw: a company can juice it just by borrowing money, no better business required.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Thu, 10 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Return on Equity Explained: Is a High ROE Always Good?]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/return-on-equity-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Return on equity is the number that makes a mediocre business look brilliant — and sometimes makes a genuinely great one look ordinary. It's clean, it's a single percentage, and stock screeners rank companies by it, which is exactly why so many people trust it without ever asking where it came from.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Wed, 09 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Margin of Safety Explained: How Investors Prepare for Being Wrong]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/margin-of-safety-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Every valuation you'll ever produce is a guess wearing a number's clothing. You pull the filings, build the model, and out comes a figure — "this business is worth about $90 a share." It looks precise. It isn't.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[Earnings Per Share Explained: Basic EPS vs. Diluted EPS]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/earnings-per-share-explained</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Earnings per share is the number that greets you at the top of almost every earnings headline, every stock screener, and every "the company beat estimates" story. It's compact, it feels authoritative, and most people take it at face value.]]></description>
      <category>Tutorials</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title><![CDATA[How AI Agents Analyze Stocks: Inside a Multi-Agent Research Process]]></title>
      <link>https://valarn.com/blog/how-ai-agents-analyze-stocks</link>
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      <description><![CDATA[Ask an AI to analyze a stock and you'll usually get one model doing everything at once — skimming the business, guessing at valuation, sampling the news, and handing you a single confident paragraph with maybe a number stapled to the end. It reads well. That's the trap.]]></description>
      <category>AI Research</category>
      <author>Valarn</author>
      <pubDate>Sun, 06 Sep 2026 14:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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